Ped Med: Genes At Work in ADHD

http://news.monstersandcritics.com/l...t_work_in_ADHD

March 15, 2006

Ped Med: Genes at work in ADHD
MarchMMarMarch 15, 2006, 21:20 GMT
SAN FRANCISCO, CA, United States (UPI) -- Scientists looking for the
underpinnings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder say they`ve found
evidence of genes at work.

Family and adoption studies 'provide compelling evidence that genes play a
strong role in mediating susceptibility to ADHD,' concludes one review
published in the journal Biological Psychiatry.

Along these lines, research indicates ADHD is not a lonely number in
identical twins but rather tends to be shared by both siblings. Other
surveys indicate one-quarter of close relatives of children with ADHD also
have the condition, compared to about 5 percent in the general population.

Thus far, scientists have brought to light more than 30 candidate genes for
the disorder, 'confirming the heredity of ADHD syndromes,' according to a
2005 review of genetic research on the disorder.

Other studies, however, point out none of the genes identified thus far
accounts for more than a fraction of ADHD cases, raising questions about the
exact degree to which the disorder is a parent`s legacy.

'There is a lot of genetic research going on now (showing) most disorders
have genetic components: ADHD, compulsive obsessive disorder, Tourette`s
syndrome (a neurological condition characterized by involuntary body
movements called tics and uncontrollable speech) among them,' said Donna
Palumbo, director of the Strong Neurology ADHD Program, head of pediatric
neuropsychology training and associate professor of neurology and pediatrics
at the University of Rochester in New York.

'We haven`t yet identified the cause of any of these disorders, in terms of
what specific brain function has gone awry.'

The hope is eventually to be able to spare the child from any suffering.

'Some day, it might be possible to prevent (ADHD), but that requires genetic
research, which now is in its infancy,' Palumbo said. 'Now, we can prevent
the worsening of conditions with effective intervention, but we cannot
prevent the condition.'

In searching for a physical foundation for deficits in attention, brain
researchers have focused on the frontal lobes of the cerebrum. This is the
region that enables us to solve problems, plan ahead, understand the
behavior of others and restrain our own -- basically permitting us to move
along and get along.

Neuroscientists have zeroed in on the dopamine system, which regulates
movement, emotion, motivation and feelings of pleasure, as central to the
disorder, with certain changes, including smaller-than-average brain
structures, showing up in some children with ADHD.

A number of the surveys came under fire for having too few participants,
lacking comparison with healthy 'control' groups or failing to take into
account the effects of children`s medication on their brains.

Some of those concerns were addressed in a 10-year study at the National
Institute of Mental Health. The study authors said the brain regions, the
site of action of anti-ADHD drugs like Ritalin, differed from the norm even
more in some respects in the 49 children with ADHD who were not on
medication than in the 103 who were.

The findings seem to exonerate the pharmaceuticals from being behind the
cerebral aberrations and appear to clear them of interfering with normal
brain development, the authors contended.

The critics remain unconvinced. They do not regard the findings as
definitive, noting the small size of the study. And they are troubled by
what they deem a glaring omission in much of neuroimaging research that
looks for anatomical and physiological differences in the brains of children
diagnosed with ADHD without taking into consideration the youngsters`
previous encounters with mind-altering medicines that could account for the
alterations.

Disregarding such a potentially confounding factor casts doubt on the
credibility of the conclusions, they maintain.

The predominant view sees sufficient evidence of ADHD as a hereditary
imbalance of brain chemicals, such as dopamine or norepinephrine, involved
in alertness, concentration, aggression and motivation, among other
behaviors -- a diagnosis that is likely to call for a pharmaceutical
prescription.

Skeptics like to point out nearly all of the studies implicating the brain
chemicals have been sponsored by drug companies, which have a
multibillion-dollar stake in the outcome.

For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction should keep well in
mind that the recommended starting dose of Cialis is 1 10mg tablet
which has to be taken before sexual performance. If the effect of this
dose is too weak your doctor might increase the dosage to 20mg. You can
now buy cialis online from http://www.canadadrugdepo.com

"john77jack" wrote in message
oups.com...
For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction should keep well in
mind that the recommended starting dose of Cialis is 1 10mg tablet
which has to be taken before sexual performance. If the effect of this
dose is too weak your doctor might increase the dosage to 20mg. You can
now buy cialis online from http://www.canadadrugdepo.com

Hi Sharon, still having problems with your husband?

You really should get out more.

Jan Drew wrote:

Snip all, as always.

' Bull**** sticks together '

The truth outs, itself ...

You don't care about ADD. You don't care about giving drugs to
children.

The only thing that you care about is your own opinion.

... and for that, you would sell your soul to Mark Probert.

OMMV.

Your principles are bull****.

I trust that you will have a nice life. Now, **** Off.

RL

"Jan Drew" wrote:


"john77jack" wrote in message
roups.com...
For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction should keep well in
mind that the recommended starting dose of Cialis is 1 10mg tablet
which has to be taken before sexual performance. If the effect of this
dose is too weak your doctor might increase the dosage to 20mg. You can
now buy cialis online from http://www.canadadrugdepo.com

Hi Sharon, still having problems with your husband?

You really should get out more.


Isn't the problem that the husband needs to get in more?
--
Peter Bowditch aa #2243
The Millenium Project http://www.ratbags.com/rsoles
Australian Council Against Health Fraud http://www.acahf.org.au
Australian Skeptics http://www.skeptics.com.au
To email me use my first name only at ratbags.com

Peter Bowditch wrote:
"Jan Drew" wrote:


"john77jack" wrote in message
roups.com...
For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction should keep well in
mind that the recommended starting dose of Cialis is 1 10mg tablet
which has to be taken before sexual performance. If the effect of this
dose is too weak your doctor might increase the dosage to 20mg. You can
now buy cialis online from http://www.canadadrugdepo.com

Hi Sharon, still having problems with your husband?

You really should get out more.


Isn't the problem that the husband needs to get in more?
Doesn't bull**** stick together?

"Raving Loonie" wrote in message
Jan Drew wrote:

Snip all, as always.

' Bull**** sticks together '

The truth outs, itself ...

You don't care about ADD. You don't care about giving drugs to
children.

The only thing that you care about is your own opinion.

... and for that, you would sell your soul to Mark Probert.

OMMV.

Your principles are bull****.

I trust that you will have a nice life. Now, **** Off.

RL

You are raving again Loonie, plus LYING, and there is NO need for vulgarity.

The article posted in NOT my opinion, as usual it came to me, via Google
Alert: ADHD.


http://news.monstersandcritics.com/l...alth/article_1...

March 15, 2006


Ped Med: Genes at work in ADHD
MarchMMarMarch 15, 2006, 21:20 GMT
SAN FRANCISCO, CA, United States (UPI) -- Scientists looking for the
underpinnings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder say they`ve found
evidence of genes at work.


Family and adoption studies 'provide compelling evidence that genes play a
strong role in mediating susceptibility to ADHD,' concludes one review
published in the journal Biological Psychiatry.


Along these lines, research indicates ADHD is not a lonely number in
identical twins but rather tends to be shared by both siblings. Other
surveys indicate one-quarter of close relatives of children with ADHD also
have the condition, compared to about 5 percent in the general population.


Thus far, scientists have brought to light more than 30 candidate genes for
the disorder, 'confirming the heredity of ADHD syndromes,' according to a
2005 review of genetic research on the disorder.


Other studies, however, point out none of the genes identified thus far
accounts for more than a fraction of ADHD cases, raising questions about the
exact degree to which the disorder is a parent`s legacy.


'There is a lot of genetic research going on now (showing) most disorders
have genetic components: ADHD, compulsive obsessive disorder, Tourette`s
syndrome (a neurological condition characterized by involuntary body
movements called tics and uncontrollable speech) among them,' said Donna
Palumbo, director of the Strong Neurology ADHD Program, head of pediatric
neuropsychology training and associate professor of neurology and pediatrics
at the University of Rochester in New York.


'We haven`t yet identified the cause of any of these disorders, in terms of
what specific brain function has gone awry.'


The hope is eventually to be able to spare the child from any suffering.


'Some day, it might be possible to prevent (ADHD), but that requires genetic
research, which now is in its infancy,' Palumbo said. 'Now, we can prevent
the worsening of conditions with effective intervention, but we cannot
prevent the condition.'


In searching for a physical foundation for deficits in attention, brain
researchers have focused on the frontal lobes of the cerebrum. This is the
region that enables us to solve problems, plan ahead, understand the
behavior of others and restrain our own -- basically permitting us to move
along and get along.


Neuroscientists have zeroed in on the dopamine system, which regulates
movement, emotion, motivation and feelings of pleasure, as central to the
disorder, with certain changes, including smaller-than-average brain
structures, showing up in some children with ADHD.


A number of the surveys came under fire for having too few participants,
lacking comparison with healthy 'control' groups or failing to take into
account the effects of children`s medication on their brains.


Some of those concerns were addressed in a 10-year study at the National
Institute of Mental Health. The study authors said the brain regions, the
site of action of anti-ADHD drugs like Ritalin, differed from the norm even
more in some respects in the 49 children with ADHD who were not on
medication than in the 103 who were.


The findings seem to exonerate the pharmaceuticals from being behind the
cerebral aberrations and appear to clear them of interfering with normal
brain development, the authors contended.


The critics remain unconvinced. They do not regard the findings as
definitive, noting the small size of the study. And they are troubled by
what they deem a glaring omission in much of neuroimaging research that
looks for anatomical and physiological differences in the brains of children
diagnosed with ADHD without taking into consideration the youngsters`
previous encounters with mind-altering medicines that could account for the
alterations.


Disregarding such a potentially confounding factor casts doubt on the
credibility of the conclusions, they maintain.


The predominant view sees sufficient evidence of ADHD as a hereditary
imbalance of brain chemicals, such as dopamine or norepinephrine, involved
in alertness, concentration, aggression and motivation, among other
behaviors -- a diagnosis that is likely to call for a pharmaceutical
prescription.


Skeptics like to point out nearly all of the studies implicating the brain
chemicals have been sponsored by drug companies, which have a
multibillion-dollar stake in the outcome.

"Peter Bowditch" wrote:
"Jan Drew" wrote:


"john77jack" wrote in message
groups.com...
For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction should keep well in
mind that the recommended starting dose of Cialis is 1 10mg tablet
which has to be taken before sexual performance. If the effect of this
dose is too weak your doctor might increase the dosage to 20mg. You can
now buy cialis online from http://www.canadadrugdepo.com

Hi Sharon, still having problems with your husband?

You really should get out more.


Isn't the problem that the husband needs to get in more?

NO.

But, then you have already proven, you don't know how to do a google search.
--
Peter Bowditch

Jan Drew wrote:

Snip everything, as always.

Thurs, Mar 16 2006 4:25 am

Wow, your ARE up late!

... such are the sacrifices which are necessary for the sake of
one's own opinion.

OMMV.

Peter Bowditch wrote:
"Jan Drew" wrote:


"Peter Bowditch" wrote:
"Jan Drew" wrote:


"john77jack" wrote in message
egroups.com...
For all those using Cialis for erectile dysfunction

' Bull**** sticks together '

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I did 15 searches on the DEA site looking for something which wasn't there.

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