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STUDY: The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercury excretion in children
http://ilenarose.blogspot.com
Health Lover, Ilena Rosenthal The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercury excretion in children Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Oct;115(10):1527-31. Woods JS, Martin MD, Leroux BG, Derouen TA, Leitão JG, Bernardo MF, Luis HS, Simmonds PL, Kushleika JV, Huang Y. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. BACKGROUND: Urinary mercury concentrations are widely used as a measure of mercury exposure from dental amalgam fillings. No studies have evaluated the relationship of these measures in a longitudinal context in children. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated urinary mercury in children 8-18 years of age in relation to number of amalgam surfaces and time since placement over a 7-year course of amalgam treatment. METHODS: Five hundred seven children, 8-10 years of age at baseline, participated in a clinical trial to evaluate the neurobehavioral effects of dental amalgam in children. Subjects were randomized to either dental amalgam or resin composite treatments. Urinary mercury and creatinine concentrations were measured at baseline and annually on all participants. RESULTS: Treatment groups were comparable in baseline urinary mercury concentration (~ 1.5 mug/L). Mean urinary mercury concentrations in the amalgam group increased to a peak of ~ 3.2 mug/L at year 2 and then declined to baseline levels by year 7 of follow-up. There was a strong, positive association between urinary mercury and both number of amalgam surfaces and time since placement. Girls had significantly higher mean urinary mercury concentrations than boys throughout the course of amalgam treatment. There were no differences by race in urinary mercury concentration associated with amalgam exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary mercury concentrations are highly correlated with both number of amalgam fillings and time since placement in children. Girls excrete significantly higher concentrations of mercury in the urine than boys with comparable treatment, suggesting possible sex-related differences in mercury handling and susceptibility to mercury toxicity. |
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STUDY: The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercuryexcretion in children
Ilena Rose wrote:
CONCLUSIONS: Urinary mercury concentrations are highly correlated with both number of amalgam fillings and time since placement in children. Girls excrete significantly higher concentrations of mercury in the urine than boys with comparable treatment, suggesting possible sex-related differences in mercury handling and susceptibility to mercury toxicity. Good study. It shows that urinary testing is reliable. In 2004, when Clinton C Zimmerman was posting, he claimed that urine testing was not a reliable indicator of mercury exposure from dental amalgams, so therefore a study I cited showing no neurological effects from such exposure should be dismissed. He also claimed that the studies I cited which counted the number of amalgam fillings as a measure of exposure were invalid because that was also not relible indicator. This study shows he was wrong, because there is correlation between number of fllings and urinary mercury. And the studies I cited are valid. These are abstracts for two of those studies: Environ Health Perspect 2003 May;111(5):719-23 Mercury derived from dental amalgams and neuropsychologic function. Factor-Litvak P, Hasselgren G, Jacobs D, Begg M, Kline J, Geier J, Mervish N, Schoenholtz S, Graziano J. Department of Epidemiology and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. There is widespread concern regarding the safety of silver-mercury amalgam dental restorations, yet little evidence to support their harm or safety. We examined whether mercury dental amalgams are adversely associated with cognitive functioning in a cross-sectional sample of healthy working adults. We studied 550 adults, 30-49 years of age, who were not occupationally exposed to mercury. Participants were representative of employees at a major urban medical center. Each participant underwent a neuropsychologic test battery, a structured questionnaire, a modified dental examination, and collection of blood and urine samples. Mercury exposure was assessed using a) urinary mercury concentration (UHg); b) the total number of amalgam surfaces; and c) the number of occlusal amalgam surfaces. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate associations between each marker of mercury exposure and each neuropsychologic test, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Exposure levels were relatively low. The mean UHg was 1.7 micro g/g creatinine (range, 0.09-17.8); the mean total number of amalgam surfaces was 10.6 (range, 0-46) and the mean number of occlusal amalgam surfaces was 6.1 (range, 0-19). No measure of exposure was significantly associated with the scores on any neuropsychologic test in analyses that adjusted for the sampling design and other covariates. In a sample of healthy working adults, mercury exposure derived from dental amalgam restorations was not associated with any detectable deficits in cognitive or fine motor functioning. J Dent. 2003 Sep;31(7):487-92. Memory functions in persons with dental amalgam. Dalen K, Lygre GB, Klove H, Gjerdet NR, Askevold E. Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Liesvei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway. Memory and psychophysiological variables in persons with self-reported reactions to dental amalgam (amalgam patients: N=26) and in persons without such symptoms (controls: N=21) were compared. The groups were matched regarding age, education, and amount of amalgam. Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised was obtained for all subjects and compared to amalgam points in a dose-response design. The results demonstrated that amalgam patients function on the same level as the controls regarding memory variables, attention, concentration, and delayed recall. Psychophysiological measures of skin conductance as correlates of attention and basal memory functions, were compared in the two groups. No differences between the two groups were observed and no correlation between memory variables and exposure to amalgam could be detected. |
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STUDY: The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercury excretion in children
"Mark Thorson" wrote in message ... Ilena Rose wrote: CONCLUSIONS: Urinary mercury concentrations are highly correlated with both number of amalgam fillings and time since placement in children. Girls excrete significantly higher concentrations of mercury in the urine than boys with comparable treatment, suggesting possible sex-related differences in mercury handling and susceptibility to mercury toxicity. Good study. It shows that urinary testing is reliable. In 2004, when Clinton C Zimmerman was posting, he claimed that urine testing was not a reliable indicator of mercury exposure from dental amalgams, so therefore a study I cited showing no neurological effects from such exposure should be dismissed. He also claimed that the studies I cited which counted the number of amalgam fillings as a measure of exposure were invalid because that was also not relible indicator. This study shows he was wrong, because there is correlation between number of fllings and urinary mercury. And the studies I cited are valid. These are abstracts for two of those studies: Environ Health Perspect 2003 May;111(5):719-23 Mercury derived from dental amalgams and neuropsychologic function. Factor-Litvak P, Hasselgren G, Jacobs D, Begg M, Kline J, Geier J, Mervish N, Schoenholtz S, Graziano J. Department of Epidemiology and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. There is widespread concern regarding the safety of silver-mercury amalgam dental restorations, yet little evidence to support their harm or safety. We examined whether mercury dental amalgams are adversely associated with cognitive functioning in a cross-sectional sample of healthy working adults. We studied 550 adults, 30-49 years of age, who were not occupationally exposed to mercury. Participants were representative of employees at a major urban medical center. Each participant underwent a neuropsychologic test battery, a structured questionnaire, a modified dental examination, and collection of blood and urine samples. Mercury exposure was assessed using a) urinary mercury concentration (UHg); b) the total number of amalgam surfaces; and c) the number of occlusal amalgam surfaces. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate associations between each marker of mercury exposure and each neuropsychologic test, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Exposure levels were relatively low. The mean UHg was 1.7 micro g/g creatinine (range, 0.09-17.8); the mean total number of amalgam surfaces was 10.6 (range, 0-46) and the mean number of occlusal amalgam surfaces was 6.1 (range, 0-19). No measure of exposure was significantly associated with the scores on any neuropsychologic test in analyses that adjusted for the sampling design and other covariates. In a sample of healthy working adults, mercury exposure derived from dental amalgam restorations was not associated with any detectable deficits in cognitive or fine motor functioning. J Dent. 2003 Sep;31(7):487-92. Memory functions in persons with dental amalgam. Dalen K, Lygre GB, Klove H, Gjerdet NR, Askevold E. Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Liesvei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway. Memory and psychophysiological variables in persons with self-reported reactions to dental amalgam (amalgam patients: N=26) and in persons without such symptoms (controls: N=21) were compared. The groups were matched regarding age, education, and amount of amalgam. Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised was obtained for all subjects and compared to amalgam points in a dose-response design. The results demonstrated that amalgam patients function on the same level as the controls regarding memory variables, attention, concentration, and delayed recall. Psychophysiological measures of skin conductance as correlates of attention and basal memory functions, were compared in the two groups. No differences between the two groups were observed and no correlation between memory variables and exposure to amalgam could be detected. http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/full/12/11/971 Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hgo: new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden Diana Echeverriaa,b,1, H. Vasken Aposhianc, James S. Woodsa,b, Nicholas J. Heyerb, Mary M. Aposhianc, Alvah C. Bittner, JR.a,b, Roderick K. Mahurin, and Margaret Cianciolad a Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA b Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA c Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA d Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA ABSTRACT TOP ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSION REFERENCES Potential toxicity from exposure to mercury vapor (Hgo) from dental amalgam fillings is the subject of current public health debate in many countries. We evaluated potential central nervous system (CNS) toxicity associated with handling Hg-containing amalgam materials among dental personnel with very low levels of Hgo exposure (i.e., urinary Hg 4 µg/l), applying a neurobehavioral test battery to evaluate CNS functions in relation to both recent exposure and Hg body burden. New distinctions between subtle preclinical effects on symptoms, mood, motor function, and cognition were found associated with Hg body burden as compared with those associated with recent exposure. The pattern of results, comparable to findings previously reported among subjects with urinary Hg 50 µg/l, presents convincing new evidence of adverse behavioral effects associated with low Hgo exposures within the range of that received by the general population.-Echeverria, D., Aposhian, H. V., Woods, J. S., Heyer, N. J., Aposhian, M. M., Bittner, A. C., Jr., Mahurin, R. K. Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hgo: new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden. FASEB J. 12, 971-980 (1998); http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...eve&db=pubmed&... J Alzheimers Dis. 2003 Jun;5(3):189-95.Related Articles, Links Apolipoprotein E genotyping as a potential biomarker for mercury neurotoxicity. Godfrey ME, Wojcik DP, Krone CA. Bay of Plenty Environmental Health Clinic, Tauranga, New Zealand. Apolipoprotein-E (apo-E) genotyping has been investigated as an indicator of susceptibility to heavy metal (i.e., lead) neurotoxicity. Moreover, the apo-E epsilon (epsilon)4 allele is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A theoretical biochemical basis for this risk factor is discussed herein, supported by data from 400 patients with presumptive mercury-related neuro-psychiatric symptoms and in whom apo-E determinations were made. A statistically relevant shift toward the at-risk apo-E epsilon4 groups was found in the patients p0.001). The patients possessed a mean of 13.7 dental amalgam fillings and 31.5 amalgam surfaces. This far exceeds the number capable of producing the maximum identified tolerable daily intake of mercury from amalgam. The clinical diagnosis and proof of chronic low-level mercury toxicity has been difficult due to the non-specific nature of the symptoms and signs. Dental amalgam is the greatest source of mercury in the general population and brain, blood and urine mercury levels increase correspondingly with the number of amalgams and amalgam surfaces in the mouth. Confirmation of an elevated body burden of mercury can be made by measuring urinary mercury, after provocation with 2,3,-dimercapto-propane sulfonate (DMPS) and this was measured in 150 patients. Apo-E genotyping warrants investigation as a clinically useful biomarker for those at increased risk of neuropathology, including AD, when subjected to long-term mercury exposures. Additionally, when clinical findings suggest adverse effects of chronic mercury exposure, a DMPS urine mercury challenge appears to be a simple, inexpensive procedure that provides objective confirmatory evidence. An opportunity could now exist for primary health practitioners to help identify those at greater risk and possibly forestall subsequent neurological deterioration. PMID: 12897404 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...eve&db=pubmed&... Altern Med Rev. 2000 Jun;5(3):209-23.Related Articles, Links Environmental medicine, part three: long-term effects of chronic low-dose mercury exposure. Crinnion WJ. Healing Naturally, 11811 NE 128th St., Suite 202, Kirkland, WA 98034, USA. Mercury is ubiquitous in the environment, and in our mouths in the form of "silver" amalgams. Once introduced to the body through food or vapor, mercury is rapidly absorbed and accumulates in several tissues, leading to increased oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death. Mercury primarily affects neurological tissue, resulting in numerous neurological symptoms, and also affects the kidneys and the immune system. It causes increased production of free radicals and decreases the availability of antioxidants. It also has devastating effects on the glutathione content of the body, giving rise to the possibility of increased retention of other environmental toxins. Fortunately, effective tests are available to help distinguish those individuals who are excessively burdened with mercury, and to monitor them during treatment. Therapies for assisting the reduction of a mercury load include the use of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and 2,3-dimercato-1-propanesulfoni*c acid (DMPS). Additional supplementation to assist in the removal of mercury and to reduce its adverse effects is discussed. Publication Types: Review Review, Tutorial PMID: 10869102 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 1: FASEB J 1998 Aug;12(11):971-80 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hg(o): new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden. Echeverria D, Aposhian HV, Woods JS, Heyer NJ, Aposhian MM, Bittner AC Jr, Mahurin RK, Cianciola M. Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA. Potential toxicity from exposure to mercury vapor (Hg(o)) from dental amalgam fillings is the subject of current public health debate in many countries. We evaluated potential central nervous system (CNS) toxicity associated with handling Hg-containing amalgam materials among dental personnel with very low levels of Hg(o) exposure (i.e., urinary Hg 4 microg/l), applying a neurobehavioral test battery to evaluate CNS functions in relation to both recent exposure and Hg body burden. New distinctions between subtle preclinical effects on symptoms, mood, motor function, and cognition were found associated with Hg body burden as compared with those associated with recent exposure. The pattern of results, comparable to findings previously reported among subjects with urinary Hg 50 microg/l, presents convincing new evidence of adverse behavioral effects associated with low Hg(o) exposures within the range of that received by the general population. PMID: 9707169 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/si...emp/~afXN44:24 Neurological and behavioural disorders in humans have been observed following inhalation of elemental mercury vapour, ingestion or dermal application of inorganic mercury-containing medicinal products, such as teething powders, ointments, and laxatives, and ingestion of contaminated food. A broad range of symptoms has been reported, and these symptoms are qualitatively similar, irrespective of the mercury compound to which one is exposed. Specific neurotoxic symptoms include tremors, emotional lability, insomnia, memory loss, neuromuscular changes, headaches, polyneuropathy, and performance deficits in tests of cognitive and motor function. Although improvement in most neurological dysfunctions has been observed upon removal of persons from the source of exposure, some changes may be irreversible. Acrodynia and photophobia have been reported in children exposed to excessive levels of metallic mercury vapours and/or inorganic mercury compounds. As with many effects, there is great variability in the susceptibility of humans to the neurotoxic effects of mercury. The primary effect of long-term oral exposure to low amounts of inorganic mercury compounds is renal damage. Inorganic forms of mercury have also been associated with immunological effects in both humans and susceptible strains of laboratory rodents, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/si...emp/~afXN44:29 Mercury Burden and Health Impairment in Dental Auxilaries Authors: Shapiro IM Bloch P Ship II Spitz L Sumner A Uzzell B Source: Final Report, Grant R01-OH-00886, 26 pages, 8 references0000 Abstract: An effort was made to develop a safe and effective x-ray fluorescence system for monitoring mercury (7439976) and other elements in human tissues in-situ, to determine mercury levels in 207 dental auxiliaries exposed to dental amalgam on the job, to evaluate mercury in matching nonexposed populations and in 298 dentists using mercury amalgam, and to evaluate deficiencies in central and peripheral nervous systems resulting from the mercury exposure. Mercury levels were below 20 micrograms/gram in 60 percent of the dentists and 90 percent of the dental auxiliaries. Dentists with the higher mercury concentrations in their heads or wrists had considerably longer median motor distal latencies and median F-wave latency. Five of them demonstrated abnormalities consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome; seven had polyneuropathies defined as reduced motor or sensory conduction velocities of response amplitudes in two or more nerves. No significant differences were found in the results of neurological studies conducted on dental auxiliaries, whether they had high levels or no detectable levels of mercury in their bodies. Neuropsychological tests indicated both groups of dental workers were adversely affected by mercury exposure. Deficits were noted in performance in grooved pegboard and recurrent figures tests. http://www.iaomt.org/articles/files/...%20Amalgam.pdf http://www.toxicteeth.org/pressRoom_releases.cfm http://www.mercurypoisoned.com/ |
#4
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STUDY: The contribution of dental amalgam to urinary mercury excretion in children
"Jan Drew" wrote in message ... "Mark Thorson" wrote in message ... Ilena Rose wrote: CONCLUSIONS: Urinary mercury concentrations are highly correlated with both number of amalgam fillings and time since placement in children. Girls excrete significantly higher concentrations of mercury in the urine than boys with comparable treatment, suggesting possible sex-related differences in mercury handling and susceptibility to mercury toxicity. Good study. It shows that urinary testing is reliable. In 2004, when Clinton C Zimmerman was posting, he claimed that urine testing was not a reliable indicator of mercury exposure from dental amalgams, so therefore a study I cited showing no neurological effects from such exposure should be dismissed. He also claimed that the studies I cited which counted the number of amalgam fillings as a measure of exposure were invalid because that was also not relible indicator. This study shows he was wrong, because there is correlation between number of fllings and urinary mercury. And the studies I cited are valid. These are abstracts for two of those studies: Environ Health Perspect 2003 May;111(5):719-23 Mercury derived from dental amalgams and neuropsychologic function. Factor-Litvak P, Hasselgren G, Jacobs D, Begg M, Kline J, Geier J, Mervish N, Schoenholtz S, Graziano J. Department of Epidemiology and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. There is widespread concern regarding the safety of silver-mercury amalgam dental restorations, yet little evidence to support their harm or safety. We examined whether mercury dental amalgams are adversely associated with cognitive functioning in a cross-sectional sample of healthy working adults. We studied 550 adults, 30-49 years of age, who were not occupationally exposed to mercury. Participants were representative of employees at a major urban medical center. Each participant underwent a neuropsychologic test battery, a structured questionnaire, a modified dental examination, and collection of blood and urine samples. Mercury exposure was assessed using a) urinary mercury concentration (UHg); b) the total number of amalgam surfaces; and c) the number of occlusal amalgam surfaces. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate associations between each marker of mercury exposure and each neuropsychologic test, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Exposure levels were relatively low. The mean UHg was 1.7 micro g/g creatinine (range, 0.09-17.8); the mean total number of amalgam surfaces was 10.6 (range, 0-46) and the mean number of occlusal amalgam surfaces was 6.1 (range, 0-19). No measure of exposure was significantly associated with the scores on any neuropsychologic test in analyses that adjusted for the sampling design and other covariates. In a sample of healthy working adults, mercury exposure derived from dental amalgam restorations was not associated with any detectable deficits in cognitive or fine motor functioning. J Dent. 2003 Sep;31(7):487-92. Memory functions in persons with dental amalgam. Dalen K, Lygre GB, Klove H, Gjerdet NR, Askevold E. Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, University of Bergen, Jonas Liesvei 91, N-5009, Bergen, Norway. Memory and psychophysiological variables in persons with self-reported reactions to dental amalgam (amalgam patients: N=26) and in persons without such symptoms (controls: N=21) were compared. The groups were matched regarding age, education, and amount of amalgam. Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised was obtained for all subjects and compared to amalgam points in a dose-response design. The results demonstrated that amalgam patients function on the same level as the controls regarding memory variables, attention, concentration, and delayed recall. Psychophysiological measures of skin conductance as correlates of attention and basal memory functions, were compared in the two groups. No differences between the two groups were observed and no correlation between memory variables and exposure to amalgam could be detected. http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/full/12/11/971 Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hgo: new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden Diana Echeverriaa,b,1, H. Vasken Aposhianc, James S. Woodsa,b, Nicholas J. Heyerb, Mary M. Aposhianc, Alvah C. Bittner, JR.a,b, Roderick K. Mahurin, and Margaret Cianciolad a Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA b Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA c Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA d Department of Psychiatry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA ABSTRACT TOP ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS DISCUSSION REFERENCES Potential toxicity from exposure to mercury vapor (Hgo) from dental amalgam fillings is the subject of current public health debate in many countries. We evaluated potential central nervous system (CNS) toxicity associated with handling Hg-containing amalgam materials among dental personnel with very low levels of Hgo exposure (i.e., urinary Hg 4 µg/l), applying a neurobehavioral test battery to evaluate CNS functions in relation to both recent exposure and Hg body burden. New distinctions between subtle preclinical effects on symptoms, mood, motor function, and cognition were found associated with Hg body burden as compared with those associated with recent exposure. The pattern of results, comparable to findings previously reported among subjects with urinary Hg 50 µg/l, presents convincing new evidence of adverse behavioral effects associated with low Hgo exposures within the range of that received by the general population.-Echeverria, D., Aposhian, H. V., Woods, J. S., Heyer, N. J., Aposhian, M. M., Bittner, A. C., Jr., Mahurin, R. K. Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hgo: new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden. FASEB J. 12, 971-980 (1998); http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...eve&db=pubmed&... J Alzheimers Dis. 2003 Jun;5(3):189-95.Related Articles, Links Apolipoprotein E genotyping as a potential biomarker for mercury neurotoxicity. Godfrey ME, Wojcik DP, Krone CA. Bay of Plenty Environmental Health Clinic, Tauranga, New Zealand. Apolipoprotein-E (apo-E) genotyping has been investigated as an indicator of susceptibility to heavy metal (i.e., lead) neurotoxicity. Moreover, the apo-E epsilon (epsilon)4 allele is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). A theoretical biochemical basis for this risk factor is discussed herein, supported by data from 400 patients with presumptive mercury-related neuro-psychiatric symptoms and in whom apo-E determinations were made. A statistically relevant shift toward the at-risk apo-E epsilon4 groups was found in the patients p0.001). The patients possessed a mean of 13.7 dental amalgam fillings and 31.5 amalgam surfaces. This far exceeds the number capable of producing the maximum identified tolerable daily intake of mercury from amalgam. The clinical diagnosis and proof of chronic low-level mercury toxicity has been difficult due to the non-specific nature of the symptoms and signs. Dental amalgam is the greatest source of mercury in the general population and brain, blood and urine mercury levels increase correspondingly with the number of amalgams and amalgam surfaces in the mouth. Confirmation of an elevated body burden of mercury can be made by measuring urinary mercury, after provocation with 2,3,-dimercapto-propane sulfonate (DMPS) and this was measured in 150 patients. Apo-E genotyping warrants investigation as a clinically useful biomarker for those at increased risk of neuropathology, including AD, when subjected to long-term mercury exposures. Additionally, when clinical findings suggest adverse effects of chronic mercury exposure, a DMPS urine mercury challenge appears to be a simple, inexpensive procedure that provides objective confirmatory evidence. An opportunity could now exist for primary health practitioners to help identify those at greater risk and possibly forestall subsequent neurological deterioration. PMID: 12897404 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/q...eve&db=pubmed&... Altern Med Rev. 2000 Jun;5(3):209-23.Related Articles, Links Environmental medicine, part three: long-term effects of chronic low-dose mercury exposure. Crinnion WJ. Healing Naturally, 11811 NE 128th St., Suite 202, Kirkland, WA 98034, USA. Mercury is ubiquitous in the environment, and in our mouths in the form of "silver" amalgams. Once introduced to the body through food or vapor, mercury is rapidly absorbed and accumulates in several tissues, leading to increased oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death. Mercury primarily affects neurological tissue, resulting in numerous neurological symptoms, and also affects the kidneys and the immune system. It causes increased production of free radicals and decreases the availability of antioxidants. It also has devastating effects on the glutathione content of the body, giving rise to the possibility of increased retention of other environmental toxins. Fortunately, effective tests are available to help distinguish those individuals who are excessively burdened with mercury, and to monitor them during treatment. Therapies for assisting the reduction of a mercury load include the use of 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and 2,3-dimercato-1-propanesulfoni*c acid (DMPS). Additional supplementation to assist in the removal of mercury and to reduce its adverse effects is discussed. Publication Types: Review Review, Tutorial PMID: 10869102 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] 1: FASEB J 1998 Aug;12(11):971-80 Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Neurobehavioral effects from exposure to dental amalgam Hg(o): new distinctions between recent exposure and Hg body burden. Echeverria D, Aposhian HV, Woods JS, Heyer NJ, Aposhian MM, Bittner AC Jr, Mahurin RK, Cianciola M. Battelle Centers for Public Health Research and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA. Potential toxicity from exposure to mercury vapor (Hg(o)) from dental amalgam fillings is the subject of current public health debate in many countries. We evaluated potential central nervous system (CNS) toxicity associated with handling Hg-containing amalgam materials among dental personnel with very low levels of Hg(o) exposure (i.e., urinary Hg 4 microg/l), applying a neurobehavioral test battery to evaluate CNS functions in relation to both recent exposure and Hg body burden. New distinctions between subtle preclinical effects on symptoms, mood, motor function, and cognition were found associated with Hg body burden as compared with those associated with recent exposure. The pattern of results, comparable to findings previously reported among subjects with urinary Hg 50 microg/l, presents convincing new evidence of adverse behavioral effects associated with low Hg(o) exposures within the range of that received by the general population. PMID: 9707169 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/si...emp/~afXN44:24 Neurological and behavioural disorders in humans have been observed following inhalation of elemental mercury vapour, ingestion or dermal application of inorganic mercury-containing medicinal products, such as teething powders, ointments, and laxatives, and ingestion of contaminated food. A broad range of symptoms has been reported, and these symptoms are qualitatively similar, irrespective of the mercury compound to which one is exposed. Specific neurotoxic symptoms include tremors, emotional lability, insomnia, memory loss, neuromuscular changes, headaches, polyneuropathy, and performance deficits in tests of cognitive and motor function. Although improvement in most neurological dysfunctions has been observed upon removal of persons from the source of exposure, some changes may be irreversible. Acrodynia and photophobia have been reported in children exposed to excessive levels of metallic mercury vapours and/or inorganic mercury compounds. As with many effects, there is great variability in the susceptibility of humans to the neurotoxic effects of mercury. The primary effect of long-term oral exposure to low amounts of inorganic mercury compounds is renal damage. Inorganic forms of mercury have also been associated with immunological effects in both humans and susceptible strains of laboratory rodents, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/si...emp/~afXN44:29 Mercury Burden and Health Impairment in Dental Auxilaries Authors: Shapiro IM Bloch P Ship II Spitz L Sumner A Uzzell B Source: Final Report, Grant R01-OH-00886, 26 pages, 8 references0000 Abstract: An effort was made to develop a safe and effective x-ray fluorescence system for monitoring mercury (7439976) and other elements in human tissues in-situ, to determine mercury levels in 207 dental auxiliaries exposed to dental amalgam on the job, to evaluate mercury in matching nonexposed populations and in 298 dentists using mercury amalgam, and to evaluate deficiencies in central and peripheral nervous systems resulting from the mercury exposure. Mercury levels were below 20 micrograms/gram in 60 percent of the dentists and 90 percent of the dental auxiliaries. Dentists with the higher mercury concentrations in their heads or wrists had considerably longer median motor distal latencies and median F-wave latency. Five of them demonstrated abnormalities consistent with carpal tunnel syndrome; seven had polyneuropathies defined as reduced motor or sensory conduction velocities of response amplitudes in two or more nerves. No significant differences were found in the results of neurological studies conducted on dental auxiliaries, whether they had high levels or no detectable levels of mercury in their bodies. Neuropsychological tests indicated both groups of dental workers were adversely affected by mercury exposure. Deficits were noted in performance in grooved pegboard and recurrent figures tests. http://www.iaomt.org/articles/files/...%20Amalgam.pdf http://www.toxicteeth.org/pressRoom_releases.cfm http://www.mercurypoisoned.com/ My, my it is noted Mark Thorson has nothing to post about the above true information. His LIES are exposed. |
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