If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. |
|
|
Thread Tools | Display Modes |
#1
|
|||
|
|||
Parental stress a factor in ADHD diagnosis
http://www.healthsentinel.com/org_ne...st_item&id=075
Roman Bystrianyk, "Parental stress a factor in ADHD diagnosis", Health Sentinel, January 24, 2006, ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is the most frequently diagnosed behavioral disorder in children. The diagnosis affects approximately 3 to 5% of school children or approximately 2 million children in the United States. A large number of children with ADHD, 40-60%, are also diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and/or Conduct Disorder (CD). The DSM-IV, or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association, is the handbook used most often in diagnosing mental disorders in the United States and internationally. The criteria and classification system of the DSM are based on the opinion of people who represent American mental health specialists. According to the DSM-IV the diagnosis for ADHD requires the symptoms to be pervasive and occur in two or more situations, such as home and school. However, the agreement between parent and teacher ratings of children's behavior is low. In fact, recent research has shown substantial variation in the description of ADHD subtypes depending on the source - parent or teacher - of the diagnosis. A 2003 study showed that the hyperactivity ratings of parents contained a large "84%" of source variance. Unfortunately, studies examining the association between factors affecting parents and ADHD rating are scares. Key factors that are believed to have an effect on a parent's perception of ADHD are depression and stress. According to previous research some have theorized that, "the depressed mood of caregivers creates a negative bias in their descriptions of the child's functioning." Still other researchers have theorized that, "caregiver-child interactions might alter due to the caregiver's depressed mood, causing behavior problems that might not have existed otherwise." According to the National Institute of Mental Health, "many other factors such as parental stress or a changing family environment may influence the child's symptoms." A study in Behaviour Research and Therapy, examined 65 children (58 boys and 7 girls) that had been diagnosed with ADHD. Of the 65 children, 34 were determined to have ODD as well. The study was to examine the agreement of parents and teachers in ADHD symptoms and examine the association between parenting stress and depressed mood on these symptoms. The authors found that, "our analyses showed that, consistent with previous studies, parents and teachers do not fully agree. Especially for hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, agreement between parents and teachers was low." They also found that parenting stress and not depressed mood, "to be systematically and significantly associated between agreement raters of inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive and oppositional behavior." The study noted that teachers are just as susceptible as parents to depression and stress. Therefore, teacher ADHD ratings are subject to the "same sort of bias" as parents. The authors conclude that, "our data suggest that for the assessment of ADHD and ODD symptoms it is important to also assess the emotional well-being of the informant, as this significantly and systematically is related to their ratings. More important than assessing depressed mood, it seems important to assess caregivers' parenting stress levels because parenting stress is more strongly related to informant agreement. It may be argued from the present results that parenting stress measures should be added to standard diagnostic procedures with behaviorally disordered children." SOURCE: Behaviour Research and Therapy, Article in Press |
#2
|
|||
|
|||
Parental stress a factor in ADHD diagnosis
I have said this before and I will say it again. It bears a thousand
repeats. When the parent is on a stimulant (Anti-depressants the most used) but also all behavioral drugs, xanax, buspar, depakote, marijuana, cocaine, kava kava, st johns wort, etc. etc. etc. those drugs have an uncanny ability to transfer harm to someone close in relationship, friend or family. the most common form being crohns or US. but ADHD also. And they do not have to be in each others presence for the second person to be affected, they can be miles apart. There is a mind/body connection, literally that transmits the harm from the stimulant user to the second or third party. The findings in "Parental stress a factor in ADHD diagnosis' is correct. I have witnessed this phenomenom many, many times, and wish it was a known and proven fact that stimulants are harmful in addition to some of the good they do. ADHD can be removed if the parent ceases the drug or transfers to a true tranquillizer like Valium or Ativam. So underhanded does this malady work, that no one can detect it. But it will continue to be an increasing problem until the medical profession will recognize that stimulants do damage to another person, tho it may not be scientific. It is as true as true can be. Many people suffer needlessly and do not even know the source of their suffering. When will it be noticed that the source is not medical, but the treatments become medical. Gail Michael "Roman Bystrianyk" wrote in message ups.com... http://www.healthsentinel.com/org_ne...t_list_item&id =075 Roman Bystrianyk, "Parental stress a factor in ADHD diagnosis", Health Sentinel, January 24, 2006, ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is the most frequently diagnosed behavioral disorder in children. The diagnosis affects approximately 3 to 5% of school children or approximately 2 million children in the United States. A large number of children with ADHD, 40-60%, are also diagnosed with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and/or Conduct Disorder (CD). The DSM-IV, or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association, is the handbook used most often in diagnosing mental disorders in the United States and internationally. The criteria and classification system of the DSM are based on the opinion of people who represent American mental health specialists. According to the DSM-IV the diagnosis for ADHD requires the symptoms to be pervasive and occur in two or more situations, such as home and school. However, the agreement between parent and teacher ratings of children's behavior is low. In fact, recent research has shown substantial variation in the description of ADHD subtypes depending on the source - parent or teacher - of the diagnosis. A 2003 study showed that the hyperactivity ratings of parents contained a large "84%" of source variance. Unfortunately, studies examining the association between factors affecting parents and ADHD rating are scares. Key factors that are believed to have an effect on a parent's perception of ADHD are depression and stress. According to previous research some have theorized that, "the depressed mood of caregivers creates a negative bias in their descriptions of the child's functioning." Still other researchers have theorized that, "caregiver-child interactions might alter due to the caregiver's depressed mood, causing behavior problems that might not have existed otherwise." According to the National Institute of Mental Health, "many other factors such as parental stress or a changing family environment may influence the child's symptoms." A study in Behaviour Research and Therapy, examined 65 children (58 boys and 7 girls) that had been diagnosed with ADHD. Of the 65 children, 34 were determined to have ODD as well. The study was to examine the agreement of parents and teachers in ADHD symptoms and examine the association between parenting stress and depressed mood on these symptoms. The authors found that, "our analyses showed that, consistent with previous studies, parents and teachers do not fully agree. Especially for hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, agreement between parents and teachers was low." They also found that parenting stress and not depressed mood, "to be systematically and significantly associated between agreement raters of inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive and oppositional behavior." The study noted that teachers are just as susceptible as parents to depression and stress. Therefore, teacher ADHD ratings are subject to the "same sort of bias" as parents. The authors conclude that, "our data suggest that for the assessment of ADHD and ODD symptoms it is important to also assess the emotional well-being of the informant, as this significantly and systematically is related to their ratings. More important than assessing depressed mood, it seems important to assess caregivers' parenting stress levels because parenting stress is more strongly related to informant agreement. It may be argued from the present results that parenting stress measures should be added to standard diagnostic procedures with behaviorally disordered children." SOURCE: Behaviour Research and Therapy, Article in Press |
Thread Tools | |
Display Modes | |
|
|
Similar Threads | ||||
Thread | Thread Starter | Forum | Replies | Last Post |
CDC: More than 4.4 Million U.S. Youngsters Diagnosed With ADHD | Roman Bystrianyk | Kids Health | 4 | September 4th 05 03:45 PM |
AL: Court issues history-making decision in child custody case | Dusty | Child Support | 1 | August 3rd 05 01:07 AM |
Ritalin and Liver cancer | Tim Campbell | General | 561 | June 17th 05 02:48 PM |
Data Refute Claims of ADHD Overmedication, Congress Told | Mark Probert | Kids Health | 0 | March 25th 05 11:23 PM |
Letter to APA 5/03 dubunking BS ADHD | SickofCrazyBS | Kids Health | 0 | November 25th 03 05:48 AM |